Answer at least 15 points of questions. You may answer up to
a total of 20 points worth of questions.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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1.
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Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct
evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of
a. | seismic waves. | b. | rock samples. | c. | liquid
iron. | d. | volcanic eruption. |
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2.
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Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth’s interior by
a. | measuring pressure differences at Earth’s surface. | b. | estimating
temperature inside earth. | c. | directly looking under the many
layers. | d. | recording and studying seismic waves. |
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3.
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What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s
layers?
a. | crust, outer core, inner core, mantle | b. | mantle, outer core, inner core,
crust | c. | crust, mantle, outer core, inner core | d. | outer core, inner core, crust,
mantle |
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4.
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Earth’s inner core is
a. | a dense ball of solid metal. | b. | a layer of molten metal. | c. | a layer of hot
rock. | d. | a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin. |
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5.
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When you touch a hot pot or pan, energy moves from the pot to your hand. This is
called
a. | magnetic energy. | b. | indirect evidence. | c. | subduction. | d. | heat transfer. |
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6.
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The transfer of energy through empty space is called
a. | conduction. | b. | convection. | c. | radiation. | d. | subduction. |
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7.
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Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by
a. | convection currents. | b. | radiation. | c. | conduction. | d. | density. |
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8.
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When the heat source is removed from a fluid, convection currents in the fluid
will
a. | speed up. | b. | change direction. | c. | eventually
stop. | d. | continue at the same rate forever. |
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9.
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According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift,
a. | Earth’s surface is made up of seven major landmasses. | b. | the continents do
not move. | c. | Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking. | d. | the continents were once joined together in a
single landmass. |
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10.
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What is Pangaea?
a. | the name of a German scientist | b. | the name of the supercontinent that existed
millions of years ago | c. | another name for continental
drift | d. | the name of an ancient fossil |
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11.
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Which type of evidence was NOT used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental
drift hypothesis?
a. | evidence from landforms | b. | evidence from fossils | c. | evidence from human
remains | d. | evidence from climate |
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12.
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Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift
because
a. | they were afraid of a new idea. | b. | Wegener was interested in what Earth was like
millions of years ago. | c. | Wegener used several different types of
evidence to support his hypothesis. | d. | Wegener could not identify a force that could
move the continents. |
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13.
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In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts
a. | along the edges of all the continents. | b. | along mid-ocean ridges. | c. | in deep-ocean
trenches. | d. | at the north and south poles. |
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14.
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The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back
into the mantle is known as
a. | convection. | b. | continental drift. | c. | subduction. | d. | conduction. |
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15.
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Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused
by
a. | conduction. | b. | earthquakes. | c. | convection currents
in the mantle. | d. | Earth’s magnetic field. |
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16.
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The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are
in constant, slow motion is the theory of
a. | subduction. | b. | plate tectonics. | c. | deep-ocean
trenches. | d. | sea-floor spreading. |
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17.
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A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is
known as a
a. | transform boundary. | b. | divergent boundary. | c. | convergent
boundary. | d. | rift valley. |
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18.
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Earth’s mantle is
a. | a layer of molten metal. | b. | a layer of hot rock. | c. | a dense ball of
solid metal. | d. | a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin. |
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19.
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Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth’s
a. | continents. | b. | mantle. | c. | lithosphere. | d. | inner core. |
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20.
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A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary
produces a
a. | mid-ocean ridge. | b. | deep-ocean trench. | c. | rift
valley. | d. | mountain range. |
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21.
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The place where two plates come together is known as a
a. | transform boundary. | b. | divergent boundary. | c. | convergent
boundary. | d. | rift valley. |
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